Emergency

1. Кӯмак кунед!

   Ku-mak ku-ned!

   Help!

   Usage

   Shouting for help in an emergency

   Grammar Note

   "Kumak" (help) is the same as Persian "komak". "Kuned" is the polite imperative of "kardan" (to do). In emergencies, just "Kumak!" alone works.

2. Духтур даъват кунед!

   Dukh-tur daʼ-vat ku-ned!

   Call a doctor!

   Usage

   Used when medical attention is needed urgently

   Grammar Note

   "Dukhtur" (doctor) is borrowed via Arabic "duktur" from English "doctor". Emergency numbers in Tajikistan: 103 (ambulance), 101 (fire), 102 (police).

3. Оташгирӣ! Оташ зад!

   O-tash-gi-ri! O-tash zad!

   Fire! It's on fire!

   Usage

   Shouting to alert others about a fire

   Grammar Note

   "Otash" (fire) is the same as Persian "atash", connected to Zoroastrian sacred fire traditions. "Otash zad" = fire struck/broke out.

4. Маро дузд зад

   Ma-ro duzd zad

   I was robbed

   Usage

   Reporting to police that you were robbed or mugged

   Grammar Note

   "Maro" = "man" (I) + "ro" (object marker). "Duzd" (thief) is the same as Persian "dozd". "Zad" is past tense of "zadan" (to hit/strike).

5. Ба беморхона бояд равам

   Ba be-mor-kho-na bo-yad ra-vam

   I need to go to the hospital

   Usage

   Expressing urgent need to get to a hospital

   Grammar Note

   "Bemorkhona" = "bemor" (sick person) + "khona" (house) = hospital. Same structure as Persian "bimarkhane". "Boyad" (must) is the same as Persian "bayad".

6. Дардам меояд

   Dar-dam me-o-yad

   I am in pain

   Usage

   Communicating physical pain to medical personnel

   Grammar Note

   "Dardam me-oyad" = "my pain is coming" = I feel pain. "Dard" (pain) is the same as Persian "dard". "Meoyad" is present tense of "omadan" (to come).

7. Сафоратхонаи Ҷопонро занг занед

   Sa-fo-rat-kho-na-i Jo-pon-ro zang za-ned

   Please call the Japanese Embassy

   Usage

   Requesting someone to contact your country's embassy in an emergency

   Grammar Note

   "Saforatkhona" = "saforat" (embassy) + "khona" (house). "Zang zadan" (to phone) = "to ring a bell", idiom for calling. Same as Persian "zang zadan".

8. Шиносномаам гум шуд

   Shi-nos-no-ma-am gum shud

   My passport is lost

   Usage

   Reporting a lost passport to authorities or the embassy

   Grammar Note

   "Shinosnoma" (passport) takes the possessive suffix "-am" (my) directly, written "шиносномаам" with no hyphen. "Gum shud" is the past of "gum shudan" (to get lost).

9. Ман ба ин дору ҳассосам

   Man ba in do-ru has-so-sam

   I am allergic to this medicine

   Usage

   Informing medical staff about a drug allergy

   Grammar Note

   "Hassos" (sensitive/allergic) comes from Arabic "hassas". "Doru" (medicine) is the same as Persian "daru". "Ba" (to/towards) marks what you are allergic to.

10. Аз куҷо бима мегиранд?

    Az ku-jo bi-ma me-gi-rand?

    Where can I get insurance (assistance)?

    Usage

    Asking where to process travel insurance or insurance documentation

    Grammar Note

    "Bima" (insurance) is the same as Persian "bimeh". "Megirand" is impersonal third-person plural of "giriftan" (to take/receive).

11. Полис даъват кунед!

    Po-lis daʼ-vat ku-ned!

    Call the police!

    Usage

    When police are needed for a crime or accident

    Grammar Note

    "Polis" (police) is borrowed from Russian "politsiya" or English "police". In Tajikistan, call 112 (emergency) or 102 (police).

12. Бас кунед!

    Bas ku-ned!

    Stop it!

    Usage

    A flat refusal for pushy touts, scams, or unwanted contact — the bluntness is the point

13. Даст назанед!

    Dast na-za-ned!

    Don't touch me!

    Usage

    Hold the screen up to someone touching you; bystanders can read it too

    Grammar Note

    "Dast zadan" = to touch; the prefix "na-" makes it a prohibition

14. Моли маро дуздиданд

    Mo-li ma-ro duz-di-dand

    My things were stolen

    Usage

    Show it when reporting a theft at the police or a hotel desk

15. Ба полис занг мезанам!

    Ba po-lis zang me-za-nam!

    I'm calling the police

    Usage

    A warning to show someone who will not back off — no shouting required

16. Ғоратгарӣ

    Gho-rat-ga-ri

    Robbery

    Usage

    Openly appropriating someone else's property; it is also the offence named in article 248 of the Tajik criminal code

17. Кисабур

    Ki-sa-bur

    Pickpocket

    Usage

    A thief who steals people's money out of their pocket; show it when something is lifted from you at a bazaar or in a shared taxi

18. Одамрабоӣ

    O-dam-ra-bo-i

    Kidnapping

    Usage

    Abducting a person: odam (person) + raboi (carrying off); a synonym of odamduzdi

19. Бетартибиҳои оммавӣ

    Be-tar-ti-bi-ho-i om-ma-vi

    Riot

    Usage

    Mass disorder: the plural of betartibi (disorder) joined by izofa to ommavi (mass, public)

20. Бомба

    Bom-ba

    Bomb

    Usage

    An explosive device; show it when reporting a suspicious object

21. Оташгирӣ! Гурезед!

    O-tash-gi-ri! Gu-re-zed!

    Fire! Run!

    Usage

    Shouted on spotting a fire, to tell people around you to get out

    Grammar Note

    "Otashgiri!" plus Gurezed, the polite imperative of gurekhtan (firor kardan, to flee). The -ed ending is the same polite imperative as in "Bas kuned!"

22. Дузд! Дастгир кунед!

    Duzd! Dast-gir ku-ned!

    Thief! Catch him!

    Usage

    Shouted right after a theft to get bystanders to help; point at the person while saying it

    Grammar Note

    Uses duzd from "Maro duzd zad" with the "<noun> kuned" compound-verb imperative. Dastgir kardan is used as in "dastgir karda, ba zindon partoft" (seized him and threw him in prison)

23. Мошини оташнишониро даъват кунед!

    Mo-shi-ni o-tash-ni-sho-ni-ro daʼ-vat ku-ned!

    Please call a fire engine

    Usage

    For asking someone to call the fire brigade; the fire service number in Tajikistan is 101

    Grammar Note

    The "<thing> daʼvat kuned" frame of "Polis daʼvat kuned!" filled with Moshini otashnishoni. A definite direct object takes -ro

24. Шуъбаи полис дар куҷост?

    Shuʼ-ba-i po-lis dar ku-jost?

    Where is the police station?

    Usage

    For asking where to file a report; insurance claims need a police document

    Grammar Note

    The "<place> dar kujost?" frame filled with polis. Shuʼba plus the ezafe -i gives 'the branch of ...'

25. Оё касе бо забони ҷопонӣ гап мезанад?

    O-yo ka-se bo za-bo-ni jo-po-ni gap me-za-nad?

    Is there anyone who speaks Japanese?

    Usage

    For finding someone who understands Japanese at a hospital, police station or airport

    Grammar Note

    The "bo zaboni <language> gap mezan-" frame with joponi, formed from Jopon, and kase (anyone) as the 3rd person subject

26. Ин одам беҳуш аст

    In o-dam be-hush ast

    This person is unconscious

    Usage

    Point at the person who has collapsed while showing this to the emergency services

    Grammar Note

    The same "<subject> + predicate + ast" frame as "Tabib darkor ast". Odam is the first element of "Odamraboi"; behush is be- (without) + hush (consciousness)

27. Одам ғарқ шуда истодааст

    O-dam gharq shu-da is-to-da-ast

    Someone is drowning

    Usage

    For alerting people that someone is going under at the water; point while showing it

    Grammar Note

    Uses odam (the first element of "Odamraboi") as the subject, with gharq shudan (to go under water) in the progressive shuda istodaast

28. Маро заданд

    Ma-ro za-dand

    I was beaten

    Usage

    For telling the police or a doctor that you were assaulted

    Grammar Note

    Takes zadan (to strike) from "Maro duzd zad" and puts it in the same 3rd person plural past -and as "Moli maro duzdidand"; Tajik uses the plural when the agent is unknown

29. Маро бо корд захмӣ карданд

    Ma-ro bo kord zakh-mi kar-dand

    I was stabbed

    Usage

    For reporting a knife wound; show the injury alongside

    Grammar Note

    A 3rd person plural past victim frame. Zakhm is 'wound'; zakhmi kardan is to wound someone

30. Ба хонаам дузд даромад

    Ba kho-na-am duzd da-ro-mad

    My room was broken into

    Usage

    For reporting to the hotel or police that your room was entered while you were out

    Grammar Note

    Khona (room) with the 1st person possessive -am, the 3rd person past of daromadan (to enter) as the predicate, and duzd as the subject

31. Он одам ҷинояткор аст

    On o-dam ji-no-yat-kor ast

    That person is the culprit

    Usage

    For pointing out the offender to the police; always point at the person while showing it

    Grammar Note

    The demonstrative on (as in "On jo") with odam, in the "<subject> + predicate + ast" frame. Jinoyatkor is jinoyat (crime) + the agent suffix -kor

32. Маро фиреб доданд

    Ma-ro fi-reb do-dand

    I was deceived

    Usage

    For telling the police you were scammed or overcharged

    Grammar Note

    A 3rd person plural past victim frame. Fireb dodan is glossed 'hila, makr' (trickery, deceit)

33. Ҳамёни маро дуздиданд

    Ham-yo-ni ma-ro duz-di-dand

    My wallet was stolen

    Usage

    For reporting a stolen wallet to the police or your hotel; insurance claims need a police document

    Grammar Note

    "Moli maro duzdidand" with mol (goods) replaced by hamyon (purse)

34. Ман фаромӯш кардам

    Man fa-ro-mush kar-dam

    I left it behind

    Usage

    For saying you left something behind in a shop or vehicle; point at or show a separate card for the item itself

    Grammar Note

    The same "Man + <noun> kard-" compound-verb frame as "Man bron kardaam". Faromush kardan is glossed 'az yod barovardan' (to put out of memory)

35. Маро мошин зад

    Ma-ro mo-shin zad

    I was hit by a car

    Usage

    For telling the ambulance crew or police that a car hit you

    Grammar Note

    "Maro duzd zad" with duzd (thief) replaced by moshin (car)

36. Аз баромади эҳтиётӣ гурезед!

    Az ba-ro-ma-di eh-ti-yo-ti gu-re-zed!

    Please escape through the emergency exit

    Usage

    Show this to direct people to the emergency exit during a fire or earthquake

    Grammar Note

    Takes "Baromadi ehtiyoti" (emergency exit), adds the preposition az, and predicates it with gurezed. The sign card is set in all caps by convention; a sentence card uses ordinary casing

37. Эҳтиёт шавед!

    Eh-ti-yot sha-ved!

    Watch out!

    Usage

    For warning someone who has not noticed a danger

    Grammar Note

    The same "<noun> shaved" compound-verb imperative as "Lutfan intizor shaved". Ehtiyot is glossed 'oqibatandeshi, durandeshi' (foresight, caution)

38. Лутфан зудтар

    Lut-fan zud-tar

    Please hurry

    Usage

    For asking an ambulance crew or a driver to go faster

    Grammar Note

    The same "Lutfan + ..." request frame as "Lutfan yak bori digar" with zudtar, the comparative of zud (fast) from "Zud rav"

39. Лутфан ҳозир биёед

    Lut-fan ho-zir bi-yo-ed

    Please come right away

    Usage

    For asking someone on the phone or in person to come immediately

    Grammar Note

    The "Lutfan + polite imperative" frame, with biyoed (the polite imperative of omadan)

40. Ин таъҷилӣ аст

    In taʼ-ji-li ast

    It's an emergency

    Usage

    For making clear that this is an emergency when you are being told to wait

    Grammar Note

    The "<subject> + predicate + ast" frame. Taʼjili is glossed 'shitobtalab, favri; taʼkhirnopazir' (requiring haste, admitting no delay)

41. Маро ба беморхона баред

    Ma-ro ba be-mor-kho-na ba-red

    Please take me to a hospital

    Usage

    For asking a taxi driver or a bystander to take you to hospital

    Grammar Note

    Combines ba bemorkhona with maro and bared, the polite imperative of burdan (to move something from one place to another)

42. Садамаи нақлиётӣ шуд

    Sa-da-ma-i naq-li-yo-ti shud

    There has been a traffic accident

    Usage

    Report that a road accident has happened, to the emergency line or to bystanders. In Tajikistan the ambulance is 103 and the police 102

    Grammar Note

    The "Садама шуд", with "садама" expanded by the izofat into "садамаи нақлиётӣ", using the adjective of "нақлиёт" from "нақлиёти ҷамъиятӣ" (public transport).

43. Ман мехоҳам ба полис ариза диҳам

    Man me-kho-ham ba po-lis a-ri-za di-ham

    I want to file a police report

    Usage

    Show at the desk when you want to report a theft or other harm to the police. The police number in Tajikistan is 102

    Grammar Note

    The "Man mekhoham … diham" frame ("Ман мехоҳам пул интиқол диҳам", I want to transfer money), with "polis" from "Полис даъват кунед!" introduced by "ba" and "ariza" as the object. "ариза" is a letter written to someone in a higher position, a statement of one's case, and the compound "ариза додан" means writing and submitting a petition — a request, a plea, a complaint. The name of the document itself (маълумотнома) means a reference book, so it is not used

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